Research

Research

In its research and teaching, the Department of Government primarily focuses on comparative and Austrian politics. Its research is concerned with political behaviour, political actors, such as political parties and politicians, political institutions, the processes governed by these institutions, as well as their outcomes. It includes work on political participation, voting behaviour, parties and party competition, coalition politics and Austrian politics in general and is mostly based on rationalist and behavioural approaches.

Our goal is to conduct high-level, internationally competitive research in the area of Comparative Politics with the collaboration of international project partners and research networks. At the Faculty of Social Sciences the department is mainly engaged in the key research area ''Political Competition and Communication: Democratic Representation in Changing Societies'.

The department’s approach places it in the discipline’s empirical-analytical core and is mostly based on quantitative social science methods. To map empirical phenomena accurately, researcher in the department focus on the continuous development of survey design, as well as on the analysis of empirical data by applying the best suited statistical model. The department aims to achieve the best work on Austrian politics and to make important contributions to the international academic literature on Comparative Government and Politics.

An overview of current publications and activities at the department can be found below and on the personal websites of our team.

Political Institutions

Institutions play a key role in political systems, as they define the framework conditions for political decisions...

Political Representation

Political representation describes the institutional and social processes and practices that connect citizens and voters to...

Party Competition

Party competition is an essential component of democratic systems and describes the competition between political parties for votes...

Infrastructural Projects

Infrastructural projects are an essential component of scientific research, as they create the basis for long-term data collection...

Political Behaviour

Political behaviour deals with the individual and collective attitudes and actions of citizens in a political context...

Cooperations

Cooperations are a central component of scientific research, as they promote the exchange of knowledge, resources and...

Publications

Negative campaigning and the logic of retaliation in multi-party competition

Author(s)
Martin Dolezal, Laurenz Ennser-Jedenastik, Wolfgang Claudius Müller
Abstract

The extant literature has demonstrated that the logic of retaliation is a core feature of negative campaigning. Attacks by one side induce counterattacks by the other. Yet most research on the interactive nature of negative campaigning is limited to two-party competition and provides little theoretical justification for why political actors should respond to attacks with counterattacks. The present paper addresses these research gaps. We argue that the negativity bias in human information processing and the zero-sum nature of elections make retaliation a rational strategy. Importantly, these arguments also imply that retaliation may not be the only plausible response to attacks in multiparty systems. Rather, parties may prefer to react to attacks from one competitor by attacking another. To grasp empirically how being attacked and attacking are related, we conduct a highly disaggregated time series analysis of such instances while controlling for other factors that may influence actor behavior. Our analyses draw on several thousand party press releases issued during three national election campaigns in Austria, a typical European multiparty system. They show that retaliation is an important strategy also in multiparty politics. Yet in such context, parties do not exclusively follow a tit-for-tat approach but rather display more complex patterns of attack behavior.

Organisation(s)
Department of Government
Journal
International Journal of Press/Politics
Volume
21
Pages
253-272
No. of pages
20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161215626566
Publication date
04-2016
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
508007 Communication science, 506014 Comparative politics
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Communication, Sociology and Political Science
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/158535ac-b6d3-40aa-8699-baa67a951b75